单帧远场图像重构波前像差的方法在结构简便性方面有独特的优势。然而, 传统的基于单帧远场图像的波前重构算法存在多解问题, 算法收敛过程容易陷入停滞。本文在分析单帧相位反演方法的多解问题成因的基础上, 提出了一种基于 Walsh函数的二维离散相位调制的波前重构方法。此种方法可以有效地打破近场波前的对称性, 解决多解问题。仿真结果表明, 该方法只需一个远场图像就可以精确地重建波前像差。

The reconstruction of wavefront from single far-field image data has unique advantages in simplicity of structure. However, the traditional wavefront reconstruction algorithm has multiple solutions based on single far-field image, its iterative process easily falls into stagnation. In this paper, based on the analysis of the multi-solution problem of single-frame phase retrieval method, a wavefront reconstruction method based on Walsh function two-dimensional discrete phase modulation is proposed. This method can effectively break the symmetry of near-field wavefront and overcome problem of multiple solutions. The simulation results show that the method can accurately reconstruct wavefront aberration with only one far-field image.