光纤布喇光栅（FBG）在构成大型传感网络时，由于光源带宽有限会出现光谱重叠的问题。提出了一种人工蜂群（ABC）算法及改进ABC（IABC）算法的解调技术，结合谱形复用技术与IABC算法对光谱重叠中的各个光栅的波长进行识别，并对多个FBG传感系统进行实验仿真与分析。实验结果表明：IABC算法在多FBG传感复用系统中的解调误差不超过3.6 pm，解调时间不超过7 s，温度测量精度达0.5 ℃，解决了多个FBG传感网络部分重叠和完全重叠问题。

When fiber Bragg grating（FBG） forms a large-scale sensor network, due to the limited bandwidth of light source, there will be spectral overlap. An artificial bee colony（ABC） algorithm and a demodulation technology of improved ABC（IABC） algorithm are proposed. The wavelength of each grating in the spectrum overlap is identified by combining the spectral shape multiplexing technology and the IABC algorithm, and several FBG sensing systems are simulated and analysed. The experimental results show that the demodulation error of IABC algorithm in multi FBG sensor multiplexing system is less than 3.6 pm, the demodulation time is not more than 7 s, and the temperature measurement accuracy is 0.5 ℃. The problem of partial overlap and full overlap of multi FBG sensor networks is solved.