二维半导体具有独特的二维材料属性、新奇的谷电子能带结构和丰富的调控自由度,为凝聚态物理、光学等领域的研究带来了机遇。然而,这些研究依然存在许多根本问题,例如光的利用效率低、量子特性易受环境扰动等。将二维半导体和精密微纳光腔进行耦合不仅为这些问题的解决提供了合适的方案,还展现了前所未有的新颖光学效应,从而为二维半导体的基础物理研究和光电应用开拓了新的研究方向。对近10年来微纳光腔中二维半导体中的光与物质耦合的研究进展进行梳理,重点讨论了二维半导体的光学特性,以及二维半导体与微纳光腔的不同耦合区域的研究进展、调控机制及其在纳米激光光源、谷电子学、量子光学等方面的潜在应用,并对未来的发展方向和机遇进行展望。

Two dimensional (2D) semiconductors have unique 2D material properties, novel valley electron energy band structure, and abundant regulatory degree of freedom, which bring opportunities for the research of condensed matter physics, optics, and other fields. However, these studies still have many fundamental problems, such as low efficiency of light utilization and susceptibility to environmental disturbance of quantum properties. The coupling of two-dimensional semiconductors and precision micro-nano optical cavities not only provides a suitable solution for these problems, but also exhibits unprecedented and novel optical effects, thus opening up new research directions for the basic physical research and optoelectronic applications of 2D semiconductors. The research progress of light-material coupling of 2D semiconductors in micro-nano optical cavities in the past 10 years is reviewed. This paper also focuses on the optical properties of 2D semiconductors, the research progress and control mechanism of different coupling regions between the 2D semiconductor and micro-nano optical cavity, and its potential applications in nano laser source, valley electronics, quantum optics, etc. The future development direction and opportunities are also prospected.