本文综述了基于渐变折射率多模光纤可饱和吸收体的全光纤锁模激光超短脉冲与束缚态孤子产生机理与技术研究现状.采用这种新型全光纤结构的锁模调制器件，光纤激光器可输出传统孤子的单脉冲能量达nJ量级，同时可实现时空锁模运转.渐变折射率多模光纤作为全光纤非线性可饱和吸收体在激光器中具有重要的研究意义和广泛的应用，为更高能量超短脉冲的产生提供了一条重要技术途径.

This paper reviews the research status of the mechanism and technology of all-fiber mode-locked laser ultrashort pulses and bound state soliton generation based on graded index multimode fiber saturable absorber. Using this noval type of all-fiber structured mode-locking modulation device， the output the single pulse energy of conventional soliton in fiber laser can up to the order of nJ， meanwhile spatial mode-locking operation can be realized. As the all-fiber nonlinear saturable absorber， the graded index multimode fiber has important research significance and wide application in lasers， and provides an important technical approach for the generation of higher energy ultrashort pulses.