浅海海水严重的后向散射是阻碍激光近海水下探测应用的关键问题，回波信号中的后向散射制约了水下目标探测深度、分辨率和对比度.针对该问题，研究了两种高散射抑制比海洋激光雷达——混沌脉冲激光雷达和相干双频脉冲激光雷达，这两种激光雷达信号具有内在的高频强度调制特性，而后向散射具有低频特性.因此，在目标信号光和后向散射光同量级条件下，可通过带通或高通滤波将海水后向散射滤除，从而提高系统信噪比.

The severe backscattering of the shallow seawater hinders the application of laser detection in the offshore. The backscattering of the echo signal restricts the depth, resolution and contrast of underwater target detection. Two novel ocean lidar with high scattering suppression radio, chaotic lidar and coherent dual frequency lidar, are studied. The two kinds of lidar signal owns the inherent intensity modulation characteristics, and then the backscattering owns the low frequency characteristics. Therefore, the backscattering of seawater can be removed by the band-pass or high pass filtering when the intensity of the object signal and the backscattering light are the approximate same magnitude, so as to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the ocean lidar system.