研究了气溶胶干扰的情况下调频连续波（FMCW）和脉冲激光探测体制的探测性能，并进行两种体制探测性能的量化对比。基于蒙特卡罗方法建立了气溶胶干扰下的目标探测模型，研究了不同距离目标的探测结果，论证了FMCW与脉冲两种体制进行比较的可行性，并量化对比了二者的探测性能。以沙尘气溶胶为例进行了仿真和实验室环境内的测距实验，结果表明：FMCW激光探测系统可以通过提高调制频率来得到更好的探测性能；在气溶胶环境下，FMCW激光探测比脉冲体制有更高的信号杂波比（SCR），意味着更好的探测性能和更强的抗后向散射干扰能力。在气溶胶能见度较低且距离分辨力相同的条件下，400 MHz初始调制频率的FMCW系统探测性能较脉冲体制探测性能提升约8~10 dB。

The detection performance of frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) and pulsed laser detection systems under aerosol interference were investigated, and the detection performance comparison between the two systems was proposed. Based on Monte Carlo method, the target detection model under aerosol interference was established. The detection results of different distance targets were studied. The feasibility of comparing the two systems of FMCW and pulse system was demonstrated, and the quantitative comparison of the detection performance of the two systems was carried out. Taking the phosphorus smoke aerosol as an example, the simulation and the distance measurement experiment in the fog chamber were carried out. The results show that the FMCW laser detection system can improve the detection performance by increasing the modulation frequency. In an aerosol environment, FMCW laser detection has a higher signal-to-clutter ratio (SCR) than the pulse system, which means better detection performance and stronger resistance to backscattering interference. Under the condition of low aerosol visibility and the same range resolution, the detection performance of the FMCW system with 400 MHz initial modulation frequency is about 8-10 dB higher than that of the pulse system.