单光子成像技术通过对每个光子携带的时空信息进行探测,实现对物体图像的重构。基于超导纳米线的单光子探测器具有高效率、低时间抖动、宽响应波段的优势,非常适合单光子成像场景的需求。超导纳米线延迟线单光子成像器件是一种新型的单光子成像器件,它利用超导纳米线特有的高动态电感构造低速微波传输线,通过对输出电脉冲进行时间逻辑分析,同步读取光子的到达时刻和空间位置。本文将介绍这种成像器件的设计原理、几何结构和读出方式。同时,介绍基于此成像器件在强背景噪声下的单光子成像实验,证明了通过高性能器件和重构算法的联合优化所实现的成像系统性能增强。

Single-photon imaging is a technology that detects the spatial and temporal information carried by each photon to reconstruct an object image. Single-photon detectors based on superconducting nanowires have the advantages of high efficiency, low time jitter, and wide response spectrum, which is suitable for single-photon imaging applications. The superconducting nanowire delay-line single-photon imager is a novel single-photon imager. It utilizes the high kinetic inductance of the superconducting nanowires to build an ultraslow microwave transmission line. The arrival time and spatial position of photons can be simultaneously measured by reading the arrival times of the output pulses. This study introduces the design principle, geometry structure, and readout method of this imager. Besides, we introduce a single-photon imaging experiment in presence of strong background noise to demonstrate the performance enhancement using the joint optimization of high-performance imaging devices and reconstruction algorithms.