随着光学信息处理技术的发展,图像边缘检测技术在光学高对比度成像、自动驾驶、人脸识别、天文观测等领域得到了广泛的应用。光学边缘检测主要是借助4-f空间滤波成像系统,通过在傅里叶平面上加载滤波器来修改图像的频谱信息,进而实现物体边缘轮廓的提取。介绍了几种不同光学图像边缘检测方式,进行了简要的理论分析,并总结了国内外的相关研究进展。

With the development of optical information processing technology, image edge detection has been widely used in optical high-contrast imaging, automatic driving, face recognition, astronomical observation and other fields. Optical edge detection mainly employs 4-f spatial filtering imaging system with a filtering element in a Fourier plane to modify the spectral information of the image,which results in a strong edge enhancement of object structures. In this paper, several different methods of optical image edge detection and their theoretical analyses are demonstrated. Besides, relevant research progresses at home and abroad are reviewed.