大视场、高分辨率以及相位成像是光学显微领域长期追求的目标,然而这些性能在传统显微成像技术框架中难以兼顾,这在很大程度上限制了传统显微成像技术的应用范围。传统的显微成像方法通常以提高系统造价或降低其他成像性能为代价来提升成像空间带宽积或相位成像能力。傅里叶叠层显微 (FPM) 成像作为一个极具代表性的计算显微成像技术框架,无需精密机械扫描装置及干涉测量系统即可同时实现大空间带宽积与定量相位成像,相关理论及技术已经在数字显微、生命科学等领域得到了广泛的研究和应用,具有非常高的研究价值和应用前景。从基本的物理模型、相位恢复算法以及系统构建方式等几个方面对傅里叶叠层显微成像的相关研究进展进行综述,并对其理论和应用的发展方向进行分析和讨论。

Large field of view, high resolution, and phase imaging are long-term goals pursued in the field of optical microscopy. Nevertheless, it is difficult to balance these performances in the conventional optical microscopic framework, which largely limits the application scope of conventional optical microscopy. Conventional microscopic imaging methods improve the imaging space-bandwidth product (SBP) or phase-imaging capability at the expense of a significant increase in the system construction cost or decrease in other imaging performances. Fourier ptychographic microscopy (FPM), as a representative computational microscopy imaging technology framework, can achieve large SBP and quantitative phase imaging simultaneously, without requiring precision mechanical scanning devices and interferometric systems. FPM has been widely studied and used in the fields of digital microscopy and life sciences; it has high research value and application prospects. In this article, the related research progress of FPM from the aspects of basic physical model, phase-recovery algorithm, and system-construction method is reviewed. In addition, the theory and application development direction of FPM are analyzed and discussed.