血迹作为暴力案件现场出现率较高的生物检材,其检验鉴定工作可为案件的快速侦破提供大量信息。高光谱成像技术可对案发现场的血迹检材进行无损、快速成像,相比于检测血迹的化学试剂法和传统的光谱分析方法,高光谱成像技术具有图谱合一的显著优势。在简要分析高光谱成像特点、数据表达方式和数据处理方法的基础上,介绍了高光谱成像技术在**、生态、食品等领域的应用,重点研究了高光谱成像技术作为血迹检测的一种技术手段在潜在血迹显现、血迹组分分析、血迹分类识别和血迹陈旧度预测中的应用现状,并对其在应用过程中遇到的挑战和后期重点研究方向及发展前景进行了总结和展望。

Bloodstain is a biological examination material with high occurrence rate in the scene of violent cases. Inspection and identification work can provide a lot of information for the rapid detection of these cases. Hyperspectral imaging technology can be used for nondestructive and rapid imaging of bloodstains in crime scenes. Compared with the chemical reagent method and traditional spectral analysis method for bloodstain detection, the characteristic of image-spectrum merging is a significant advantage of hyperspectral imaging technology. Based on the brief analysis of the characteristics of hyperspectral imaging, data expression, and data processing methods, this paper introduces the applications of hyperspectral imaging technology in the fields such as national defense, ecology, and food. This paper focuses on the application status of hyperspectral imaging technology as a technical means of bloodstain detection in potential bloodstain appearance, bloodstain component analysis, bloodstain classification and identification, and bloodstain age prediction. The paper summarizes the challenges encountered in the application process and the later key research directions and development prospects.