中国激光, 2001, 28 (11): 1049, 网络出版: 2006-08-10  

镍基合金光束粉末堆焊质量的研究

Study on the Quality of Ni-based Alloy Light Beam Powder Surfacing
作者单位
清华大学机械工程系,北京 100084
摘要
研究了堆焊工艺和材料对镍基合金光束粉末堆焊质量的影响规律.为获得优质堆焊层,预涂层的宽度必须小于光斑直径,较大的预涂厚度会导致堆焊层与基材结合不良,厚度较小时,因过高的稀释率使堆焊层宏观硬度显著下降.采用多层焊和多道搭接工艺可获得大厚度、大面积堆焊层.堆焊层横向裂纹、焊道边缘气孔及层间未熔合是多层堆焊时易产生的缺陷.大面积堆焊时,焊趾位置会因选择性润湿而出现未搭接.合理控制堆焊线能量、对前道焊缝的清理以及堆焊过程中加强对熔池的保护,是获得大厚度、大面积堆焊层的关键.在镍基合金中加入与其相互润湿的金属陶瓷相(镍包WC),并控制其加入量可获得无缺陷的、更高硬度的复合堆焊层.
Abstract
In this paper, the influence of surfacing technology and material on the quality of light beam Ni based alloy powder surfacing layer was investigated. In order to acquire surfacing layer of quality, the width of pre coating must be smaller than that of light spot. Too big thickness of pre coating can result in the poor bond between surfacing layer and base metal. While the pre coating is too thin, the macrohardness of surfacing layer decreases obviously owing to high dilution of base metal. By means of multi layer and multi pass lap surfacing, the surfacing layer with big thickness and area can be acquired. The transverse crack in surfacing layer, porosity in bead edge and non fusion between layers are the defects that are liable to produce when multi layer surfacing is used. When multi pass lap surfacing is used, non lap in the toe of weld can arise because of selected moisture. The reasonable control of heat input, cleaning of former weld and good protection of molten pool are the crucial factors of acquiring surfacing layer with big thickness and area. When adding wettable ceramics (WC with Ni coating) with Ni-based alloy and controlling the content of WC with Ni coating, the high quality of surfacing layer with higher hardness can be acquired.

张迪, 单际国, 任家烈. 镍基合金光束粉末堆焊质量的研究[J]. 中国激光, 2001, 28(11): 1049. 张迪, 单际国, 任家烈. Study on the Quality of Ni-based Alloy Light Beam Powder Surfacing[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2001, 28(11): 1049.

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