阐述了光学综合孔径(OSA)望远镜成像原理以及综合孔径望远镜的几种实现形式;采用快速傅里叶变换(FFT)算法得到了任意子孔径综合模式下的点扩展函数(PSF)和光学传递函数(OTF)分布;从子孔径结构排列、共相位、图像恢复几个方面论述了光学综合孔径的成像特征。初步分析了稀疏率、填充因子、“实际截止频率”等因素对光学综合孔径望远镜成像的影响。分析和仿真结果表明

The imaging theory and several realization ways of optical synthetic aperture telescope are presented. Based on fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm the point spread function and optical transfer function of a random optical synthetic aperture system are obtained, then the imaging characteristics of optical synthetic aperture telescope are analyzed from such aspects as sub-aperture configuration and arrangement, cophasing and image restoration. The influence of sparse ratio, fill factor, “practical cut-off frequency” on optical synthetic aperture telescope imaging is investigated. The analysis and simulation indicate the optical synthetic aperture technology by coherent imaging can improve the resolution dramatically compared with traditional single-aperture telescope. It is valuable for realization of lightweight and modularity of space-based optical remote sensing system.