在西北核技术研究所的"闪光-Ⅱ"装置上进行了水介质多针自击穿开关实验研究,该开关由2个或4个开关间隙、1个预脉冲屏蔽板及其支撑结构组成.给出了实验研究所使用的测试方法及波形分析方法(两个判据).开关输入预脉冲较大时,可以认为开关输出波形的预脉冲作用时间就是开关的击穿延迟时间,故可以利用波形的预脉冲确定开关的自击穿延迟时间和开关间隙的击穿分散性以及间隙之间的击穿同步分散性;在实验测试分析过程中,可以利用间隙自击穿放电电流的dI/dt信号判断开关间隙的自击穿状态.分析表明,这两个判据可有效地确定开关的特性参数和击穿状态.

A lower prepulse high power density water dielectric self-breaking switch was investigated on FlashⅡgenerator.The switch contained two or four gaps,a prepulse shield and supporting structure.The discharge current and the input or output voltages of each gap were measured by a Rogowski coil and CuSO₄ resistance dividers respectively.The test and analysis methods of the experimental waveform were presented.The amplitudes of the prepulse of the water switch were significant.It was considered that the prepulse effect time of the water switch was equal to the breaking delay time.The prepulse current or prepulse voltage could be used to provide timing data to measure the delay time,the jitter of the same gap and the first-to-last switching time difference.The dI/dt signal of a gap could be used to estimate the state of the discharge.