激光-电弧复合焊接因其焊接效率高、间隙适应性好、焊缝成分和性能可控等优点正在成为工业生产中最重要的激光焊方法.与目前常用的旁轴激光- 电弧复合焊相比,激光- 电弧同轴复合可以在工件表面提供对称热源,焊接质量不受焊接方向影响而适于三维焊接.本论文介绍了作者研制的CO2激光与脉冲MIG同轴复合焊系统,以及用该系统进行的铝合金复合焊接实验.对焊接过程中的基本物理现象进行了观察和分析,测定了焊缝的熔深、熔宽和焊缝断面.结果显示,同轴复合焊可以提高电弧稳定性、提高熔化效率合改善焊缝成形。

Hybrid laser-arc welding is becoming one of the most significant laser welding technologies in industry due to its higher welding efficiency, higher tolerance to gaps between plates, and adjustment of composition and microstructure of the weld metal. Comparing with common side hybrid laser-arc welding, coaxially combined laser beam and arc can provide a symmetrical circular thermal source on the workpiece surface, which is convenient for 3-D welding. This paper introduces a coaxial hybrid CO_2 laser-pulsed MIG welding system and conducts experiments of welding Al-Mg alloy plates under different welding conditions. The basic physical phenomena during welding are observed and the weld bead shape (penetration depth, weld width) are measured. The results show that hybrid laser-MIG can stabilize the arc, remarkably increase the total welding efficiency and improve the quality of weld bead formation.