分析了Shack-Hartmann波前传感器(S-HWFS）在实际大气条件下,大气湍流波前相位的探测误差在自适应光学系统(AOS）中的传递过程以及最后的控制残余方差,导出了定量分析的数学模型,并给出了分析结果。结果表明,当SH-WFS用于微弱信标光大气湍流的探测时,自适应光学系统中的控制斜率残余误差中除了前人分析［1］的误差外还包含一项由天空背景光斑质心位置引起的常数误差值,并且系统的有效控制带宽会因信标探测对比度的下降而减小,这将大大降低AOS的校正能力。分析结果还表明信标光越弱,对S-HWFS的标定光学系统的像差要求越高。

In this paper,a mathematical model for quantitatively analyzing Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor(S-HWFS)'s detecting error under realistic atmospheric turbulence is presented,and the transfer characteristics of a variety of detecting error are researched.Results show that the S-H WFS's detecting errors will increase due to the atmospheric scintillation,sky background radiation and so on when Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor is used in probing very low light level beacon,and along with the decreas of the contrast between the beacon and the sky background,the centroid detecting error goes up while the aperture input fluctuates more strongly.