本文利用对生基因转育获得的对生与互生自交系及其杂交组合,研究了对生性状对产量性状杂种优势和配合力的遗传效应的影响.结果表明:对生玉米同互生玉米一样具有普遍的杂种优势,在产量性状上F1对生株优势互×互组合大于对×对组合和对×互(互×对)组合;对生性状的转育对产量性状的一般配合力有降低效应,而含有对生基因的互生玉米具有较高的一般配合力效应,因此,在对生玉米育种中可以利用含有不同对生基因的互生自交系作亲本来组配杂交组合(互×互),从而获得较高的制种产量和高产的对生杂交种。

Effects of opposite character on heterosis of yield characters and heredity of combining ability were studied by using inbred lines and hybrid combinations of opposite and alternative,which were bred through opposite gene transfer in maize.The results indicated that opposite maize had widespread heterosis like alternative maize; yield advantage of opposite F1 (alternative×alternative) was better than that of F1 (opposite×opposite)and F1 (alternative×opposite or reverse); general combining ability of yield characters was decreased by opposite characters transfer in maize,but alternative maize with opposite genes has high general combining ability,so that on the opposite maize breeding,alternative inbred lines with different opposite genes can be parents for breeding hybrid lines(alternative×alternative) and hybrid varieties with more seeds and high yield can be obtained.