从光栅自身的空间结构出发,用菲涅尔衍射公式推导了非均匀光栅的振幅分布公式(θi)和光强特性公式I(θi),用Maple程序给出了算例之不规则光栅衍射光强I(θi)随sinθi变化曲线,得到了非均匀光栅的衍射特性。一维透射平面光栅的振幅分布(θ)和光强分布I(θ)不仅与非均匀光栅的平均光栅常量有关,还与每个单元单缝的缝宽a有关。这一特性,补充完善了平面光栅衍射性质,同时,也为通过调整光栅空间结构,设计、研制、测试非线性光栅提供了理论依据。

From the spatial structure of the grating, the amplitude distribution ［(θi)］ of not-even grating and the characteristic of light intensity ［I(θi)］ were deduced with the formula of Fresnel diffraction. The curve of I(θi)～θi was plotted by using the Maple procedure and the diffraction characteristics of not-even grating was obtained. The distribution of (θ) and I(θ) of the one-dimensional (D) transmission surface grating is correlated not only to grating constant but also to each single gap width. The result supplements the property of the flat surface grating differaction, and provides with theoratical basis to adjust,design, develop, and test the spatial structure of grating.