中国激光, 2014, 41 (10): 1003009, 网络出版: 2014-08-15   

2060铝锂合金光纤激光填丝焊接工艺研究

Fiber Laser Welding of 2060 Aluminum-Lithium Alloy with Filler Wire
作者单位
北京工业大学激光工程研究院, 北京 100124
摘要
2060-T8铝锂合金是具有低密度、高比强度,及良好低温性能的新型轻量化航空材料。采用光纤激光器并填充5087(Al-Mg-Zr)焊丝焊接2 mm厚2060-T8铝锂合金,研究了工艺参数对焊接接头热裂纹敏感性的影响,分析了焊接接头的显微组织及力学性能。研究结果表明,结晶裂纹敏感性随激光功率和焊接速度的增加而增加,随送丝速度的增加而降低。在激光功率为3 kW、焊接速度和送丝速度为3 m/min的工艺参数下接头成形良好,无焊接裂纹,焊接接头的平均抗拉强度为309 MPa,断裂发生在焊缝区。同焊缝上部及下部相比,焊缝腰部熔合线附近细晶区等轴晶数量较多且柱状晶明显细化,这与熔池流动机制与边界层厚度有关。
Abstract
2060-T8 Al-Li alloy is a new aircraft material with low density, high specific strength and well properties in low temperature conditions. 2060-T8 Al-Li alloy in 2 mm thick is welded by fiber laser with 5087 (Al-Mg-Zr) filler wire. The cracking susceptibility of joints obtained under different welding parameters is investigated. The microstructure and mechanical properties are analyzed as well. The result indicates that, a higher laser power or a larger welding speed causes the increase of crack number, and a lower wire feeding rate results in a higher cracking susceptibility. Under the condition of 3 kW laser power, 3 m/min welding speed and 3 m/min wire feeding rate, the weld with great formation and few welding defects are obtained. The average tensile strength of joints reaches to 309 MPa, and the tensile fractures occur in the weld zone. At the waist of weld, the fine equiaxed grains are in larger quantities and the columnar crystals are more refined than the upside and downside near the fusion line, which resultes from the mode of fluid flow in weld pool and the thickness of the boundary-layer.

安娜, 张心怡, 王启明, 杨武雄, 肖荣诗. 2060铝锂合金光纤激光填丝焊接工艺研究[J]. 中国激光, 2014, 41(10): 1003009. An Na, Zhang Xinyi, Wang Qiming, Yang Wuxiong, Xiao Rongshi. Fiber Laser Welding of 2060 Aluminum-Lithium Alloy with Filler Wire[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2014, 41(10): 1003009.

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