利用激光熔覆技术，在6063Al表面制备了添加有不同含量La2O3的Ni60合金熔覆层，并通过金相显微镜、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱仪(EDS)等设备进行了测试分析，研究 La2O3含量对铝合金表面激光熔覆Ni基熔覆层组织、相结构、成分等微观结构的影响。结果表明：当合金中稀土La2O3含量高于5%(质量分数，下同)时熔覆层易出现气孔，低于2%时易出现熔覆层开裂、与基体结合不良等缺陷，加入5%的稀土氧化物La2O3可有效地减少熔覆层中的裂纹、孔洞；不同La2O3含量的熔覆层主要相结构均为β-NiAl (Cr)和少量的Al3Ni、AlNi3、Al等，添加稀土以后XRD图中出现了微量的稀土化合物La2O3、Al4La, 且NiAl相的(100)有序峰几乎消失，晶粒取向偏向于(110)、(200)和(211)，而(110) 有序峰出现不同程度的偏移；添加5% La2O3的熔覆层比不添加稀土的Ni60熔覆层元素分布均匀，稀释率更低，组织中孔隙率大幅降低，晶粒度变大且细化作用明显；熔覆层主要成分为NiAl-Cr共晶组织，稀土元素偏聚在晶界位置并形成了稳定的Al4La等稀土化合物。

Ni-Based alloy coatings with different contends of rare-earth La2O3 are prepared on the surface of 6063 aluminum alloy by using laser cladding. The effects of rare earth La2O3 on microstructure, phase structure and composition of laser cladding Ni-Based alloy coatings on 6063 Al alloys are investigated by means of optical microscope (OM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The results show that with increasing the amount of La2O3 (above 5%)，the cladding layer tends to form gas-holes. When the amount of La2O3 is in the range of 0%~2% the same below, the cladding layer tends to form cracks, and coating can′t bind tightly with the matrix. Gas-holes and cracks in the coatings reduced with the addition of 5% La2O3. The main phase structures of Ni-based alloy coatings with different contends of rare-earth La2O3 are β-NiAl (Cr) and a small amount of Al3Ni, AlNi3, Al, etc. After adding rare earth, a little of rare earth compounds La2O3、Al4La is found in XRD diagrams, and NiAl phase (100) crystallographic orientation peak almost disappeared, grain orientation towards (110), (200) and (211), and (110) crystallographic orientation peaks appear different degrees of migration; Compared with Ni60 cladding layer without adding rare earth, Ni60 cladding layer with 5% of rare-earth La2O3 has a uniform element distribution, a lower dilution rate, which significantly reduce the porosity and refine the grain size; The cladding layer mainly composed of NiAl-Cr eutectic structure, rare earth elements segregate at the grain boundary and form some stable rare earth compound such as Al4La.