中药的传统剂型是水煎剂, 且金属元素是在体内水环境下浸出、 吸收而发挥疗效, 因此开展中药中金属元素水溶特性和含量特征的研究具有重要意义。采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法, 建立了黄芩样品中Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn含量测定的方法, 对黄芩中六种金属元素的水溶特性和含量特征进行分析。结果发现, 10批不同产地的黄芩饮片和水提样中六种金属元素含量差异较显著(p<0.05)。但水提样中的六种金属元素含量与其饮片中含量无对应关系。在饮片中, 各元素的含量为Mg＞Ca＞Fe＞Mn＞Zn＞Cu, 而在水提样中含量为Mg＞Ca＞Mn＞Zn＞Fe＞Cu。所测黄芩饮片和水提样, 基本呈现了低Ca 高Mg、 高Fe 低Mn和低Cu高Zn的含量特征, 且这些比值特征与黄芩降压、 抗肿瘤等功效密切相关。研究结果为进一步丰富和发展黄芩多指标质量评价体系提供科学依据。

ICP-OES analytical technique was used to determine the contents of Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn in S. baicalensis from different origins, and the dissolution characteristics and the contents of 6 elements were analyzed. There were significant differences in the contents among the prepared medical materials (p<0.05) and their water extraction also differed significantly. The results showed that there was no relationship on the contents of the 6 elements between in the prepared medical materials and in their water extraction. In the prepared medical materials, the contents of the elements were characterized as Mg>Ca>Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu, and the contents in the water extraction was rated from high to low as Mg, Ca, Mn, Zn, Fe and Cu. Most of the measured samples demonstrated lower Ca/Mg, higher Fe/Mn and lower Cu/Zn values, and these ratios were in relation to some efficacy of S. baicalensis, such as anti-hypertensive, anti-tumor activities. The results will provide a scientific basis for further enriching and developing the multi-index system for the quality evaluation.