20世纪90年代以来，随着超大规模集成（VLSI）技术的发展，CMOS图像传感器显示出强劲的发展势头。简要介绍了CMOS图像传感器的结构及工作原理，详细比较了CMOS图像传感器与CCD的性能特点，讨论了CMOS图像传感器的关键技术问题，并给出了相应的解决途径，综述了CMOS图像传感器的国内外研究现状，最后对CMOS图像传感器的发展趋势进行了展望。

Since the 1990s, with the development of very large scale integration(VLSI), CMOS image sensors have been developed rapidly. The structure and working principle of CMOS image sensors are introduced. The performances between CMOS image sensor and CCD are compared in detail. The key technical problems of CMOS image sensors are discussed, and the related solving ways are given. The development situation of CMOS image sensors at home and abroad is reviewed, and the development trends of CMOS image sensors are prospected.