介绍了经典Wolter I型掠入射成像光学系统的基本结构, 推导了由系统的口径和焦距表示的掠入射系统的参数方程组。通过此方程组可得到掠入射光学系统详细的初始设计参数。此外, 针对掠入射系统不能直接使用常规商业光学设计软件进行优化的问题, 以Zemax软件为例, 介绍了怎样利用其宏语言构造优化函数用于掠入射系统的分析和优化。并且进行了一组实例的设计和优化, 优化后系统由经典Wolter I型的抛物面-双曲面结构变为具有相同口径和焦距的双曲面-双曲面结构。最后, 对上述两种掠入射系统的成像性能进行了对比分析。分析结果表明, 双曲面-双曲面的结构提高了掠入射系统大视场的分辨率, 能够满足对太阳进行全日面高分辨率观测的要求。

The basic structure of classical Wolter type I grazing incidence optical system was presented. And a set of equations, through which the main basic parameters of a grazing incidence optical system were calculated, were calculated from the common equations of those reflecting surfaces. In addition, it was discussed that how to evaluate and optimize the classical Wolter type I grazing incidence optical system using optical design code Zemax’s macro language. And specific optimized example was discussed. A hyperboloid-hyperboloid grazing incidence optical system with the same aperture and focal length is achieved from the classical paraboloid-hyperboloid Wolter type I. And the evaluation results of those two grazing incidence optical system show that the optical system’s resolution for wide-field has significant improvement and it could meet top-resolution full-disk solar observation requirement.<收到修改稿日期李顺>2008-12-02