为了提高水平式光电望远镜的精度，满足技术指标要求，针对水平式跟踪架结构照准差的检测原理和方法，在对地平式光电望远镜照准差检测原理进行分析的基础上，本文提出了检测水平式望远镜照准差的方案。该方法根据在研水平式光电望远镜因结构限制不能打倒镜的特点，采用两个自准直经纬仪对照准差进行了检测，测得照准差为4′1″，检测精度为9″。实验结果表明，与基本参数模型的回归分析结果相比较，在检测误差中包含望远镜筒重力变形产生的视轴偏差(1′4″, 2′4″)，并提出了同时检测这一偏差和照准差的方法。

In order to improve the accuracy of alt-alt photoelectric telescope, and meet the requirements of technology index, the theory and measurement of sighting error were discussed based on the measuring theory of alt-az telescope. Two programs of sighting error measurement were generated. The researching telescope can not work in reversed position of telescope. Sighting error was measured. The result is 4′1″ and the standard deviation of this method is 9″. Compared with the result of basic parameter model regression, it is found out that the measurement result contains the sighting axis deviation (1′4″, 2′4″) because of gravity deformation. A simultaneous determination measurement method for gravity deformation deviation and sighting error is proposed.