偏振光谱技术是一种高灵敏度和高分辨的光谱技术。提出一种基于可调平衡探测偏振光谱的实验方法，研究了不同偏振面下偏振光谱线型的变化趋势，观测到光谱线型随偏振片旋转产生的翻转现象。通过结合偏振理论与平衡探测理论，对线型翻转现象进行了解释，理论与实验符合得很好。同时，研究了色散型谱线峰峰值与抽运光强之间的依赖关系，发现在抽运探测光强比约为100时谱线强度出现饱和现象，为利用偏振光谱进行激光器频率稳定时选择参数提供了理论依据。

Polarization spectroscopy is of high sensitivity and resolution. A method based on the adjustable balance probe polarization spectroscopy is proposed, the change of the spectroscopy shapes in different polarization planes is investigated, and the retroflexion of the lineshapes with the rotation of the polarization plate is observed. The retroflexion of the lineshapes is illustrated by combining the polarization theory and the balance probe theory, which is in good accordance with the experiment. The relationship between the peak-to-peak value of the dispersion-like spectroscopy and the power of pump beam is also demonstrated, and it is found that the saturation of spectroscopy amplitude appears when the power ratio of pump beam to probe beam is about 100, which provides a theoretical reference on choosing parameters in the laser frequency stabilization by using polarization spectroscopy.