研究了精密、超精密圆柱渐开线齿轮的加工方法。分析比较了锥形砂轮磨齿、蝶形砂轮磨齿、大平面砂轮磨齿、蜗杆砂轮磨齿和成形砂轮磨齿的工作原理及当前国内外精密、超精密圆柱渐开线齿轮的加工现状。探讨了ISO1328:1997标准中2级以上精度超精密齿轮的加工。最后,指出大平面砂轮磨齿机Y7125有着结构简单、传动链刚度高、磨齿精度高等优点,具有较大的改装空间。通过一系列的研究工作,有可能将其改装精化成磨削超精密圆柱渐开线齿轮的加工母机,实现2级到1级精度超精密齿轮的加工。1级精度超精密齿轮的研制成功,可提高齿轮的传递基准,从而可提高齿轮制造的技术水平。

In order to enhance technological level of gear manufacturing comprehensively, the processing methods of precision and ultra-precision cylindrical involute gears were researched. The work principles of several gear-grindings and machining statuses of ultra-precision cylindrical involute gears were analyzed and compared. Then, machining of ultra-precision gear above quality 2(ISO1328:1997) was probed. Finally, the gear grinder Y7125 with big plan wheel provided with the advantages of streamline structure, high rigidity of transmission chain, high accuracy of gear-grinding and much room to modify was pointed. Research results show that the grinder Y7125 is probably to be a master grinder of ultra-precision cylindrical involute gear to produce ultra-precision gear from quality 2 to quality 1. The development of ultra-precision with quality 1 can enhance the gear normal and technological level of gear manufacturing.