采用光镊拉曼光谱(LTRS)方法收集一例重型α地中海贫血患者单个红细胞的拉曼光谱,分析同一群体内不同细胞间的光谱差异,从中了解地中海贫血红细胞的病理过程。结果发现,重型α地中海贫血患者红细胞的拉曼光谱信号显著低于正常对照,并检测到一定比例的有核红细胞;正常对照的红细胞拉曼光谱均一,而重型α地中海贫血患者的细胞形态和拉曼光谱均显示出多样性;中等大小、形态接近正常的一类红细胞,其细胞间光谱差异最大;单细胞拉曼光谱可观察到部分外表形态正常的红细胞,其血红蛋白可能发生了血红素凝集和蛋白质变性。

Hemoglobin (Hb) bart′s hydrops is caused by mutations or deletions affecting all four α-globin genes,leading to absent α-globin chain production from the affected genes. Laser tweezers Raman spectroscopy (LTRS) is a useful tool for single-cell analysis based on the optical trapping and Raman scattering. A LTRS setup with 785 nm laser beam was used to record the Raman scattering of trapped single erythrocytes from Hb bart′s hydrops. The results reveal that the Hb bart′s erythrocytes are possessed of not only diversiform cells and heterogeneous Raman scattering signals,but remarkable low intensity of Raman scattering and definite proportion nucleated erythrocytes,while the normal controls homogeneous. The analyse of Raman spectra and principal component analysis uncovers the Raman scattering heterogeneity of cells with normal shape and middle size. LTRS peeks insight into the abnormal biochemical essence beyond the normal cell appearance due to the heme aggregation and protein denaturalization.