设计了应用于感应电压叠加器中的水介质主开关与峰化开关,主开关的电极结构为“平板-环型”,峰化开关的电极结构为“环型”。研究了开关在300 ns脉冲电压下的自击穿特性,给出了不同工作电压下开关的间隙距离。实验结果表明,主开关与峰化开关的结构合理、击穿特性稳定、相互配合良好,峰化开关可以有效地峰化主脉冲,降低预脉冲的幅值。主开关的实验结果同时验证了Martin经验公式的适用性。

The water switches in induction voltage adder are designed. The electrode of output switch is plate to annular and the electrode of peaking switch is annular. Self-break characters of water switches under 300 ns pulsed voltage are studied. The spacing of switches is determined under different Marx charging voltage as well. The experimental result indicates that the switches are reliable with low jitters. The peaking switch cooperates well with the main switch,which can sharp the main pulse and reduce the amplitude of prepulse. The self-break experimental data of output switch accords well with Martin’s formula.