介绍了在轨飞行的云和气溶胶探测星载激光雷达系统的原理和结构，该激光雷达能够探测全球范围内30 km以下的云和气溶胶的消光系数和退偏比。利用CALIPSO实测数据，对发生在华北的一次沙尘天气进行分析，得到了河北省内沙尘消光系数和退偏比分布。结果表明，由沙尘气溶胶导致的消光系数最大可以达到0.22/km；该次沙尘具有典型的层状结构，最可几层数为2，沙尘层的最大退偏比可以达到0.23。

The principle and diagram of the spaceborne lidar (CALIPSO)flying in orbit for aerosol and cloud detection are introduced. This spaceborne lidar can be used to measure the global aerosol and the clouds under the range of 30 km. As a case study, analysis on one of the dust storms in the north of China is presented and the distributions of extinction coefficients and the depolarization ratios over Hebei province are obtained. The results show that the extinction coefficient can reach 0.22/km, the dust aerosol has the characteristic of layer structure, the most probable layer number is 2 and the maximum depolarization ratios can be 0.23.