设计了一种基于顺变柱体和膜片复合结构的矢量光纤水听器。对水听器的传感原理和矢量生成原理进行了理论模型分析,得出了水听器相移灵敏度的数学表达式,讨论了传感器的设计参数,并按照设计参数制作了水听器探头。在**水声一级计量站做了传感器相移灵敏度频响曲线和“8”字形方向图的测试实验。实验结果表明,当频率为800 Hz时,此种复合结构的水听器相移灵敏度很高,能达到-155 dB re rad/μPa(0 dB=1 rad/μPa),并且实验测试值与理论计算值基本吻合,偏差之处分析其原因主要由于理论模型不够精确和测试装置与固定装置有谐振造成。

A kind of vector optical fiber hydrophone based on the composite structure of variable cylinder and diaphragm is designed. Firstly,the theoretical model of the hydrophone′s sensing principle and vector building principle is analyzed,the mathematical expression of hydrophone′s phase-shift sensitivity is obtained and the sensor′s design parameters are discussed. Then the probe head of hydrophone is manufactured according to design parameters. Experiments on the sensor′s sensitivity-frequency curve and the “8” glyph directional diagram are carried out in the first class underwater acoustic measurement station of the national defence. This hydrophone′s sensitivity reaches the value -155 dB re rad/μPa(800 Hz),and the experimental result agrees well with the theoretical value. Some errors are mainly caused by that the theoretical model is not accurate enough,and there is also some resonance in the test equipment and the fixing bracket.