本文首先介绍了海水盐度检测的传统方法电导率法,给出了电导率法盐度测量的优缺点和测量特性;详细论述了该领域的最新技术进展,包括微波遥感技术、裸露光纤法、表面等离子共振法、基于PSD的光学法、基于盐度敏感材料的测量法。具体分析了各种技术的原理、发展现状、存在的问题,并对比了它们的优缺点。最后,对海水盐度测量技术的发展进行了展望,并提出了今后有待进一步解决的关键问题。

Traditional method for seawater salinity measurement and electroconductivity measurement technology is introduced in this article. The merits,disadvantages,and measurement characteristics of the method are introduced. Recent developments in this field are discussed in detail,including microwave remote sensing,bare fiber sensor,surface plasmon resonance,position sensitive detector and optical technology,and salinity-sensitive material. Theory and current situation of these technologies are thoroughly analyzed. The advantage and disadvantage of each kind of salinity measurement technology are compared. In the end,some existed key problems which need to be solved in the future are proposed.