在多台电视经纬仪组成的测量网络中,为了提高目标的捕获、跟踪能力,减少交会模型切换带来的引导数据的波动,提出一种基于最小二乘估计的多站交会方法。该方法根据电视经纬仪实时跟踪被测目标时的几何关系,利用电视经纬仪的站点位置和实时获得的目标测角信息,对于每台电视经纬仪都构造两个垂直相交于其测量方向线的平面,再用最小二乘原理估计被测目标的空间坐标。在两台电视经纬仪实时交会时,异面交会法是该方法的特例,于是证明该方法是有效的。仿真试验结果表明,与异面交会法相比,此方法产生的引导数据平滑、无波动,二者的定位误差均小于0.18m,能满足电视经纬仪多站交会定位的要求。

In order to improve the ability for capturing and tracking the space flying object and to decrease the fluctuation of the real-time guide data with the intersection model switching,an intersection approach for multiple stations based on the least square estimation is put forward in the measurement network composed of two or more TV theodolites.According to the real-time geometrical relationship between the measured object and the TV theodolites,the proposed method makes use of TV theodolites position and their real-time angle information of the measured object to construct two perpendicular planes for every theodolite,which are intersectant at the measure direction line.The coordinates of the measured object is estimated by the least square principle.During the period of two theodolites taking part in real-time intersection calculation,the nonplanar intersection method is the special case of this method,so this intersection method is very effective.The simulation results show that compared with the nonplanar intersection method,the real-time guide data produced by this method is smooth and unfluctuating,the position error of the two methods is less 0.18 m,and the method can meet the needs for the multi-station TV theodolites intersection.