用微乳液法制备了一种银纳米流体,并研究了该流体在电场作用下的光学行为.He-Ne激光束(λ＝632.8 nm)垂直于电场方向,以5°入射角通过银纳米流体,当施加电场时出现明显的双折射.在相同的电场作用下o光和e光折射率随着体积比的增加而增加;同一体积比的银纳米流体的折射率随着电场的增大而变小;电场强度为0 kV·mm－1时并没有出现双折射现象.实验结果表明:无论是在相同电场时折射率随体积比的变化量,还是在相同体积比时折射率随电场强度的变化量,e光总是大于o光.

Silver nanofluid is prepared by a micro-emulsion method.The birefringence of this silver nanofluid is investigated by a He-Ne laser (λ = 632.8 nm).The wave vector of optical wave is perpendicular to the direction of applied electric fields,and the angle of incidence thought fluids is about 5°.The results show that the silver nanofluid without electric fields does not exhibit the birefringence,while the birefringence appears when the electric field is applied to the silver nanofluid.For the same electric field,the refraction indexes of both o-light and e-light increase with the increment of silver concentration.But,the refraction indexes of nanofluids with a fixed silver concentration decrease with the increment of electric field strength.The results show that the change of refraction index of e-light is more than that of o-light.