为了提高卫星姿态控制的运行速度,减轻星载计算机的负担,提出了一种基于FPGA实现卫星姿态控制器的硬件算法。在Matlab/Simulink环境下建立卫星的运动学和动力学方程,给出了经典PID的模拟控制算法。在此基础上推导了数字PID控制算法,并采用状态机的设计方法实现该控制器的设计,应用VHDL硬件语言进行编程。最后,通过调用Matlab的Serial串口对象,将模拟的卫星动力学姿态与FPGA开发板交换控制信息。基于FPGA的PID控制器对整个系统进行控制,最后的仿真结果证明了该方案的可行性和准确性。

In order to enhance the speed of satellite attitude control and reduce the burden of on-board computer,we put forward a hardware algorithm based on FPGA for controlling satellite attitude. The equations of satellite kinematics and dynamics were established in Matlab/Simulink environment,and classical PID analog control algorithm was presented. Based on which a digital PID control algorithm was deduced,and state machine method was used to finish the design of controller. The program was finished in VHDL. Finally,the information was exchanged through the Matlab serial and FPGA development board. The PID controller based on FPGA controlled all the system,and the simulation result proved the feasibility and accuracy of the scheme.