在研究现有光谱压缩概念和方法的基础上,提出一种新型的压缩方法。不同于各种基于软件算法的光谱压缩,提出一种利用编码孔径的硬件实现方法。在光学系统中加入编码孔径对光谱进行光学压缩,可以实现光谱数据的瞬时编码,经编码孔径压缩的光谱可以通过与编码形式对应的解码算法重建。在此基础上研究了编码解码的具体形式。提出基于小波变换和缺陷矩阵理论的两种编码板形式,以及基于小波逆变换和稀疏矩阵梯度投影的迭代算法的解码重建算法。用实物光谱进行模拟,比较不同的编码形式的压缩比和保真度。提出存在采用低采样频率压缩编码还原具体光谱信息的可能性,并总结了压缩编码的一般原则。

On the basis of studying the concept and solution of spectral compression,a kind of novel compression solution is proposed. Different from spectral compression via algorithm,our solution focuses on optical system. A coded aperture is utilized,and the coding process is snapshot,and decoding algorithm corresponding the coding form to reconstruct the spectrum is chosen. Two kinds of specific coded aperture are presented which are based on wavelet transform and deficiency matrix. Decoding reconstruction via inverse wavelet transform and gradient projection for sparse reconstruction iterative algorithm is presented. Then compressive ratio and fidelity of two kinds of coded aperture are demonstrated by comparison of the spectral simulating acquired via the real spectrometer. It is possible to reconstruct signal-specific information at the lowest sampling rate,and the general principle of coded aperture compression is summarized.