理论上研究了超短脉冲激光照射下光栅的Talbot效应，得到了超短脉冲激光照射下光栅Talbot图像的性质.实验上采用严格的实验方法(频率分辨光学开关装置测量超短脉冲激光、反射式扩束系统对超短脉冲进行扩束)很好地验证了理论分析结果.理论分析和实验结果表明，超短脉冲激光照射下光栅的Talbot图像的对比度会显著下降，而且超短脉冲激光的脉宽越短，Talbot距离越大，Talbot图像的对比度会进一步下降.

Talbot effect of a grating under ultrashort pulses laser illumination is analyzed theoretically.In the experiment,ultrashort pulses laser is measured by a frequency-resolved optical gating (SHG-FROG) apparatus and the ultrashort pulses laser is expanded by a reflective expanded system.Experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical analysis.Theoretically and experimentally investigations indicate that the contrast of Talbot images under ultrashort pulses laser illumination are remarkable decreased.In addition,the contrast of Talbot images are further decreased at longer Talbot distance and under shorter ultrashort pulses laser illumination.