利用有限元分析软件ABAQUS对恒弹性合金3J53超薄板激光冲击半模成形过程进行了数值模拟。探讨了不同激光脉冲能量对板料运动速度和成形精度的影响,以及相同能量下板料不同区域的运动速度规律。数值模拟表明,当激光脉冲能量较小时,板料不能与凹模碰撞,中心区域节点上下往复振动,振幅逐渐减小,最后处于静止状态;当激光脉冲能量较大时,板料中心与凹模底部发生剧烈碰撞,碰撞后产生反向运动,速度逐渐减小,在零值附近缓慢波动一段时间,最终衰减到零。通过调整激光脉冲能量能够得到理想的波形零件。研究结果表明,利用有限元分析软件ABAQUS能够预测板料在激光冲击成形中的速度变化规律,为深入研究激光冲击成形过程提供依据。

The finite element software ABAQUS was used to simulate the processing of constant elastic alloy metal sheet by laser shock waves with semi-die process. The effects of pulse laser energy on metal sheet movement velocity and forming accuracy were investigated. The law of sample velocities in different regions at the same energy was discussed. The results showed that there was no collision between the metal sheet and the concave die when the energy was low. The central node vibrated around the equilibrium position,but the amplitude of vibration decreased gradually and reached zero finally. When the energy was high,the metal sheet collided with the bottom of dies severely,and then the sheet had a reverse movement. The velocity fluctuated slowly for some time and then reached equilibrium state eventually. A good quality waveform sample could be obtained by adjusting pulse laser energies. It was concluded that the software ABAQUS could predict metal sheet velocity in the laser shock forming (LSF) process,and it provides the reference for further study on LSF.