介绍了利用载波调制型光纤Mach－Zehnder干涉仪测量大气光学湍流折射率起伏的原理，给出了载波调制信号的解调方法。实验研究表明，该系统测量大气折射率起伏方差的噪声水平为2．5×10^－16。在真实的大气环境下，通过与传统温度脉动仪的对比测试分析表明，两者的探测结果无论在量级上还是在变化趋势上都有很好的一致性，这标志着大气湍流的光纤测量技术已初步迈入实用阶段。

Principle of measuring refractive index fluctuation in atmospheric optical turbulence by the usage of a carrier modulated fiber optical Mach-Zehnder interferometer is introduced, as well as the signal processing procedure. Experiments show that the noise level of the system C(2,n) variance is about 2.5×10^－16. Comparison of the results with that of the traditional micro-thermal anemometer in the real atmosphere shows good agreement in the values and trends, which indicates that the fiber optic turbulence sensing technique is already applicable.