介绍了一台自行研制的用于大气气溶胶光学特性和水平能见度测量的小型米散射激光雷达系统，并进行了一系列观测实验和分析.系统选用532 nm波长激光作为光源，采用Fernald反演算法对接收到的大气回波信号进行反演得到气溶胶消光系数.通过对西安城区上空的气溶胶光学特性进行连续观测，测得了西安城区不同时刻消光系数的高度分布廓线、以及24小时内大气边界层高度的时空变化特性，并对大气水平能见度进行了连续观测，其结果与当地气象部门提供的水平能见度数据的变化趋势基本一致.观测结果表明，利用该米散射激光雷达可以对大气气溶胶光学特性和水平能见度进行有效测量.

A compact Mie scattering lidar system at a wavelength of 532 nm is developed to measure the optical properties of atmospheric aerosol particles and horizontal visibility.Some observations are performed and analyzed.The Fernald method is employed to retrieve the extinction coefficient of aerosol.Some continuous continual experiments are carried out for verifying the feasibility of the Mie scattering lidar at Xi′an area,and the observation results are demonstrated here by measuring the aerosol profiles of the extinction coefficient,the spatial temporal variation of atmospheric boundary layer height which are obtained within whole day at one hour interval,and the horizontal visibility which agrees with the data obtained from the local weather bureau.The observation results show that the Mie scattering lidar is capable of measuring efficiently the optical properties of atmospheric aerosol particles and horizontal visibility.