简要叙述了色散型阿达玛变换光谱成像仪的原理及仪器构成, 指出其存在空间信息与光谱信息的错位和光谱分辨率受阿达玛编码模板码元宽度制约的缺陷。 提出空间调制干涉型阿达玛变换光谱成像技术原理及仪器, 利用横向剪切干涉仪获得所有阿达玛编码光信息在不同光程差处的干涉信号, 对干涉谱进行傅里叶变换和阿达玛变换得到目标的光谱。 理论分析表明, 干涉图的调制度不受阿达玛模板形状、 大小等因素的影响, 光谱分辨率与阿达玛模板的尺寸无关, 不但避免了色散型阿达玛变换光谱成像仪中空间信息和光谱信息的错位, 而且高能量通过率、 高空间分辨率和高光谱分辨率成像容易同时实现。

The principle and instrumental structure of dispersion Hadamard transform spectral imager were briefly described in the present paper, and the disadvantages of the imager both in dislocation of spatial and spectral information and in spectral resolution limited by the width of Hadamard encoding mask were pointed out. A new instrumental principle and design of spatially modulated interference Hadamard transform spectral imager was proposed. A lateral shearing interferometer was used to acquire interference signals of all the Hadamard encoding information at different optical path difference. Then the methods of Fourier transform and Hadamard transform for interferogram were performed to acquire the spectra of objectives. Theory analysis of this imager demonstrated that the modulation of interferogram would not be affected by some factors such as the form and size of Hadamard encoding mask, and the spectral resolution would not be influenced by the size of Hadamard encoding mask. Furthermore, such technique not only effectively eradicated the dislocation of spatial information and spectral information existing in dispersion Hadamard transform spectral imager, but also made it convenient to image with high-throughput, high spatial resolution and high spectral resolution.