搭建了真空中脉冲电压下激光触发沿面闪络试验平台,在试验平台上进行常用开关绝缘介质尼龙、聚碳酸酯和Al2O3陶瓷的激光触发沿面闪络特性试验,探讨了真空中激光触发沿面闪络的机理。试验结果表明:聚碳酸酯试品的自闪络电压最高;在真空中脉冲电压下的激光触发沿面闪络试验中,随着激光能量密度的增大,3种材料的时延和抖动均减小;532 nm和1 064 nm波长激光触发的条件下,3种材料的抖动均在1 ns左右,聚碳酸酯抖动较小;532 nm波长激光触发的时延小于1 064 nm波长激光触发的时延。

The surface flashover characteristics of insulations are studied,which are used in the laser-triggered surface flashover switch in vacuum. The experimental platform of laser-triggered surface flashover under pulsed voltage was built in the laboratory. Based on the platform,the experiment of laser-triggered surface flashover was carried out using flat electrodes and three kinds of column insulations,whose materials are nylon,polycarbonate and Al2O3,respectively. The results show that the self-flashover voltage of polycarbonate is the highest,and flashover delay time and jitter time decrease with the increase of pulsed voltage and laser energy density. With laser trigger,the jitter time of the insulations is about 1 ns and the jitter time of polycarbonate is the lowest. The delay time under 1 064 nm laser trigger is larger than that under 532 nm laser trigger. At last,possible mechanism of the laser-triggered flashover in vacuum is brought forward.