空间目标探测与识别技术是空间资源开发、空间安全等方向应用的前提条件。其中光电系统又可以提供高精度、高准确性的探测。介绍了目前各国应用的多种地基和天基空间目标探测与识别系统，并对各系统的性能进行了详细的分析和总结。在此基础上讨论了空间目标探测领域所涉及到的各种关键技术及相应的需求方向。最后给出了未来空间目标光电探测系统的发展趋势。

The technology of detecting and identifying of space target is the base of exploitation of spacial resource and the spacial safety etc. The photoelectric detecting systems can provide the high precision,high accuracy in detecting the space target. Many foreign ground base and space base detecting systems of space target were introduced. The performances were analyzed and the characteristics were summarized. The key technologies in the field of detecting and identifying were discussed,the development directions of which were analyzed. The future development directions of the systems of photoelectric detecting and identifying of space target are given.