简述了卫星激光测距系统研究背景和发展现状，阐述了数据处理算法在卫星激光测距技术中的重要地位和作用，重点介绍了当前国际上普遍采用的一些数据处理算法的发展应用情况以及一些先进的数据处理算法的研究进展，包括屏幕处理技术、泊松统计滤波算法、相关检测算法等。最后展望了卫星激光测距技术及其数据处理算法的发展方向。

The research background and development states of satellite laser ranging(SLR)systems were summarized. The data processing algorithm played an important part in the development of the SLR technique. So the applied aspects and research development states of the widespread and some advanced data processing algorithms at home and abroad were reviewed,including screen processing technique,Poisson statistic filter algorithm and correlation detection algorithm et al. Finally the research progress and developmental direction in data processing algorithms of SLR were also presented.