采用沸水回流法从赤灵芝子实体中提取多糖,经Sevage法除蛋白,乙醇沉淀,离心、流水透析、浓缩、冻干后得灵芝多糖,单糖经乙酰化处理进行外标法定量,并利用苯酚-硫酸法、紫外、红外及X衍射光谱法、凝胶分子排阻色谱-蒸发散射检测器法、气相和气质谱色谱法进行多糖组分、含量、结构和分子量分析研究,结果表明,灵芝多糖为米黄色,得率为2%左右,其含量≥43%,红外光谱显示灵芝多糖结构主要为β-糖甘键连接的吡喃型葡聚糖,其多糖的主要单糖组分为葡萄糖,含量为89%左右,并含有其他少量的单糖组分D-阿拉伯糖、D-木糖、D-甘露糖、D-半乳糖。 其多糖主要为同均糖, 多糖为非晶型结构,分子量主要分布在8×104-2×105之间,分子质量主要为2×105的生物大分子。

Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides were extracted by boiling water from the fruiting bodies of red ganoderma lucidum,then protein was removed by Sevage reagent,with ethanol precipitation,run water dialysis, centrifugation and freeing-drying. Monosaccharides were acetylated and quantified by external standard,and the polysaccharidesthe amount of total carbohydrates was determined by phenol-sulfuric acid method. The monosaccharide constituents,structure and Mw distribution were analyzed by UV-Vis,IR,GC,GC-MS and HPSEC with ELSD. The results demonstrated that ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides were beige,the yield was about 2%,and the content ≥43%. IR spectrometry showed that the structure of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide was pyranoid glucan with β-glycosidic bond. The quantitative result of external standards indicated that the monosaccharide constituents were mainly composed of glucose,at about 89% percent,and contained a small amount of D-arabinose,D-xylose,D-mannose and D-galactose. It was a homogeneous polysaccharide with the amorphous structure,attributed to biological macromolecules,its Mw distribution was at 80-2 000 Kda,and a primary Mw at 2 000 Kda.