新型可降解包膜肥料是目前肥料研究领域中的热点。 相关研究主要集中在包膜材料对包膜肥养分释放的作用机制上, 而膜材施入土壤后结构是否发生变化的可用信息较少, 这些信息是评价膜材是否环境友好的关键。 研究分别以聚乳酸(PLA)、 聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)和聚碳酸酯(PC)为主要材料配制的膜材为对象, 研究它们在自然光照、 土培前后红外吸收光谱的变化, 来研究这３类物质在自然光照和土培条件下的降解。 为期4个月培养后膜材的红外光谱显示: 3种膜材在培养期间都有不同程度的结构变化, 这说明3种膜材均具有降解性能, 且膜材土培降解强度大于自然光照降解。 PC的降解性能最强, 其次是PLA和PBS。 PLA和PC在黑土中的降解性能强于棕壤, 而PBS则相反。

In the present paper, polylactic acid (PLA), poly (butylenes succinate) (PBS) and polycarbonate (PC) were selected as test coating materials, and the variations in their IR spectra under conditions of outdoor illumination and pot incubation were studied, aimed to approach the degradability of these coating materials under sunlight and in soil. The IR spectra showed that after 4 months under outdoor illumination and pot incubation with brown soil and black soil, all the test coating materials had definite variations in their structural configuration, being more obvious under pot incubation than under outdoor illumination, which suggested that the test materials were degradable, and the degradability was greater in soil than under sunlight. PC had the greatest degradability, followed by PLA, and PBS. The degradability of PLA and PC was greater in black soil than in brown soil, while that of PBS was reverse.