威胁评估是协同多目标攻击空战决策的关键技术之一。在分析了现有的目标威胁评估方法中距离威胁模型存在不足的基础上，考虑敌我双方飞机的雷达最大探测距离和导弹最大射程的不同情况，提出了改进的距离威胁模型。针对传统威胁评估方法在确定权重系数方面的缺陷和不足，提出了运用离差最大化方法来解决目标威胁评估问题，给出了离差最大化方法确定威胁因素权重的具体步骤。建立了目标威胁评估的数学模型，并进行了仿真研究，仿真结果表明该方法是合理和有效的。

Threat assessment is one of the key technologies for air combat decision-making in cooperative multi-target attacking. Based on analysis to the deficiency of the existing target threat assessment methods in distance threat model, we proposed an improved model considering the different onboard radars maximum detection distance and airborne missiles maximum firing range of both sides. Traditional threat assessment method has shortcomings in weight determination, thus we put forward a method that uses maximizing deviation for threat assessment. The detailed approach of using the method for weight determination was given. A mathematical model for target threat assessment was established simulation was made. The result of the simulation shows that the method is reasonable and effective.