概述了国内外太阳模拟技术的发展现状。提出了太阳模拟器设计的技术指标,讨论了太阳模拟器的光学系统设计思想。介绍了聚光系统、光学积分器、准直系统、滤光片光谱透过率的优化设计方案,通过复合高次非球面聚光系统和非共轴深椭球面反射镜的使用,提高了聚光镜对光源辐射通量的聚光效率,改善了第二焦面上的辐照分布。通过对光学积分器原理及像差分析,给出了有效的优化设计经验公式。最后,对研制过程中遇到的问题进行了归纳总结,并提出了改进思路。

This paper introduces the development of solar simulation technology,gives design specifications of solar simulators,and then discusses the design and improvement of optical systems of solar simulators in detail.Several design methods of the condenser system are proposed,especially,a compound high-order aspheric surface condenser system and a non-coaxial ellipsoidal mirror are presented to raise the concentration efficiency of condensers and improve the irradiance distribution of the second focal plane.As the design of optical integrators is based on the Gaussian optical theory and its optimization is guided by the aberration theory,it presents an effective empirical formula for optimum design of optical integrators.This paper also briefly analyzes the design of collimating systems and the transmittances of filters.Finally,the current problems existed in the process of development are summarized and several improved ideas are put forward.