针对光纤通信中检偏模块的校准问题，给出了一种基于向量投影算法的校准矩阵的快速标定方法，并对其标定原理进行了分析。连续（CW）激光器发出的光依次经过可调光衰减器、偏振分析仪和检偏模块光头，光电流进入线性放大电路与高速模数转换器（ADC），最终由数字信号处理器（DSP）采集并输出4路数字电压，并由偏振分析仪输出相应的斯托克斯矢量。给出的算法基于这些数据计算出检偏模块的校准矩阵。实验表明，与现行常用的迭代法相比，向量投影算法具有较高的计算效率，并且得到的校准矩阵也具有较高的精度和很好的稳定性，检偏模块测得的偏振度（DOP）的误差保持在3%以内。

To solve the problem of calibrating the polarimeter module, a new approach based on vector projection algorithm was proposed, and the principle of calibration was analyzed. The continuous-wave (CW) light passed through the tunable optical attenuator, polarization analyzer, photon detectors of polarimeter module, then the photocurrent was fed into the preamplifier circuit and high-speed analog to digital converter (ADC) in turn. Finally, the digital voltage signals were acquired by the digital signal processor (DSP) and sent to the computer. At the same time, the polarization analyzer exported corresponding Stokes parameters. The calibration matrix could be calculated by the vector projection algorithm based on the given data. The experimental result shows that, in comparison with the common iterative algorithm, the vector projection algorithm has even higher computational efficiency and accuracy. The measured error of the degree of polarization (DOP) is less than 3 percent.