热化学转化是油页岩综合利用的关键技术。 用石英管反应器在500 ℃下热解吉林桦甸三个矿区(大城子四层、 公合四层、 公朗头十一层）的油页岩, 分别得到其热解半焦和页岩油, 并在600和700 ℃热解大城子四层油页岩, 以考察热解产物与热解温度的关系。 用红外光谱考察了原料及热解产物。 结果表明, 页岩油与油页岩有机质所含官能团相似, 主要都以脂肪烃为主, 而页岩油脂肪烃含量比油页岩高。 油页岩脂肪烃含量越大, 热解出油率也越高。 脂肪烃含量少, 芳香烃含量大的油页岩出油率相对低, 半焦中的稠环芳香结构更多。 热解温度500 ℃时油页岩有机质已经基本热解完全, 随着热解温度升高, 焦油产率不再增加, 二次裂解程度加强; 700 ℃碳酸盐开始分解。

Thermochemical conversion is the key technology for the comprehensive utilization of Chinese oil shale resources. Oil shales from three mining areas of Huadian Jilin were pyrolyzed at 500 ℃ in a quartz tube reactor and their pyrolyzed cokes and shale oil were derived. One oil shale was also pyrolyzed at 600 ℃ and 700 ℃ to assess the influence of temperature on pyrolysates. FTIR analysis was carried out to study the raw shales and their products. The results showed that shale oil had similar functional groups as the organic matter of oil shale, mainly aliphatic hydrocarbon, and the shale oil contained more of it than the raw material. The shale with more aliphatic oil yielded more oil. That with less aliphatic and more aromatic one yields less oil, and its coke is rich in condensed aromatics. Pyrolysis was almost completed at 500 ℃. Oil yield did not increase further with temperature, but secondary pyrolysis strengthened. At 700 ℃ carbonates began to decompose.