光声分子影像是近期发展起来的新型无创在体影像技术。该技术结合了光声层析成像和分子影像，具有成像深度深、分辨率高和特异性强的优点。光声分子影像已经被广泛用于活体动物实验中，在对一些恶性肿瘤和炎症的检测中获得了令人振奋的结果。重点介绍了光声分子影像的机制和研究现状，并对其应用前景进行展望。

Photoacoustic molecular imaging, by combing the photoacoustic tomography and molecular imaging, is a novel biomedical imaging modality that can image tissue non-invasively and in vivo. This modality has high imaging depth, resolution, and specificity. Photoacoustic molecular imaging has been widely used in animal experiments, achieving many promising results. We describe the fundamental mechanism of this modality, review its current research activities, and discuss its prospects.