搜集整理了大气粒子观测资料，运用米氏理论，从求解Mueller矩阵入手，计算并分析了可见光和红外波段大气体散射的偏振度特性。结果表明，大气体散射总体上为正偏振，前向散射不改变入射光的偏振状态，后向散射存在轻微的负偏振；大气线偏振度随散射角分布比较平滑，随着尺度参数的减小趋于瑞利散射的情况；散射尺度参数和粒子复折射指数是大气线偏振度的决定因子；在可见光与近红外波段，雾线偏振度随波长变化较小，随散射角呈“多峰”形式分布，在120°,140°和180°达到极大值；在红外波段，气溶胶线偏振度随波长变化较小，随散射角呈“单峰”分布形式，极大值出现在80°~140°之间。

A few observation samples of atmosphere particles are collected. Based on Mie scattering theory, atmosphere volume scattering polarization degree is simulated and analyzed in visible and infrared band by solving the Mueller matrix. The results show that atmosphere volume scattering polarization is positive as a whole. The polarization of incident light does not change in forward scattering angles, but it is slightly negative in backward scattering angles. Atmosphere linear polarization degree varies smoothly with scattering angle, and gradually approaches to Rayleigh scattering when scattering scale parameter decreases. Scattering scale parameter and particle complex refractive index are determining factors of atmosphere linear polarization degree. In the visible light and near-infrared band, the linear polarization degree of fog changes less with wavelength, and varies with scattering angle as multi-peaks distribution. The linear polarization degree of fog reaches maximum at scattering angles of 120°,140° and 180°. In the infrared band, the linear polarization degree of aerosol changes less with wavelength, and varies with scattering angle as single-peak distribution. The linear polarization degree of aerosol reaches maximum at scattering angles between 80° and 140°.